The Intro-Lude
Mamie Smith, “Crazy Blues” (1920)
Andrew Flory, I Hear A Symphony: Motown and Crossover R&B (2017)
Nelson George, The Death of Rhythm and Blues (1988)
Mark Anthony Neal, What the Music Said: Black Popular Music and Black Popular Culture (1998)
Mark Anthony Neal, Songs in the Key of Black Life: A Rhythm and Blues Nation (2002)
Michael Awkward, Rhythm and Blues Remakes and the Struggle for Artistic Identity (2007)
Brian Ward, Just My Soul Responding: Rhythm and Blues, Black Consciousness, and Race Relations (1988)
Kesha M. Morant, “Funk Music as the Critical Voice of a Post—Civil Rights Movement Counterculture” (2011)
Shawn Henry, “The Evolution of R&B”
Motown Museum, “Berry Gordy”
A History of Philadelphia International Records
Kelefa Sanneh, Major Labels: A History of Popular Music In Seven Genres (2021)
Teddy Riley’s New Jack Swing: Harlem Gangsters Raise a Genius by Barry Michael Cooper
MasterClass’ New Jack Swing Music Guide: What Is New Jack Swing?
Naima Cochrane, “Music Sermon: The Quiet Storm Is Still Brewing”
Class Motown 20 Essential Albums | Smokey Robinson: A Quiet Storm
Gary Hunter, “The Post-Disco Era: Boogie, Funk and Modern Soul”
Marc Hopkins, “The History of Musical Genres, Part 4: R&B and Soul” (2021)
Elias Leight, “Paul McCartney Remembers 'Truly Magnificent' Fats Domino” (2020)
Robert Palmer, "The 50s: A Decade of Music That Changed the World" (1990)
Lawrence N. Redd, “Rock! It’s Still Rhythm and Blues” (1985) in The Black Perspective in Music
Ian McCann, “What’d I Say — how Ray Charles’s hit transformed R&B” (2018)
Ian McCann, “How Motown Broke Racial Barriers Like No Other Record Label” (2020)
Andrew Flory, I Hear A Symphony. University of Michigan Press (2017)
Ericka Blount Danois, “The Soul of Stax Records”
“The 20 Best Paste Records” Paste Magazine (2017)
Marc Edward Nero, “The Sound of Motown” (2019)
Janet Jacobs, “Motown Vs. Stax”
“The rise, and fall, and rise again of disco” in The Sheen Resistance: Freedom through Disco
Stephen Brogan, "Queens in History: Sylvester" (2012)
"Funk and R&B". Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. June 15, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
Early Boomers + Generation Jones: Meet the Two Boomer Subgroups
Correction: “Land of 1000 Dances” by Wilson Pickett was not a Stax record but with Atlantic for FAME Studios that often worked with STAX artists. Wilson Pickett did record with STAX but it was because of an agreement Stax had with Atlantic.*
“22 Mellow” Music by Jamal Kelly
“World - Romantic, R&B, Soul, Sexy, Background Music, Sultry, Sensual, Chill,” Music by Jason Aro via Pond5
